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Religion in Iraq
The major religion in Iraq is Islam, followed by about 97% of Iraqis. The other 3% consist of those following Christianity and other religions.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/iz.html )〕 Many cities throughout Iraq have been areas of historical prominence for both Shia and Sunni Muslims, including Najaf, Karbala, Baghdad and Samarra.
==Islam==
(詳細はShia and Sunni Islam. According to the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', Iraq is 97% Muslim: 65% Shia (Arabs, Feyli Kurds, Turkmen, et al.) and 32-37% Sunni (Arabs and Kurds).〔https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/iz.html〕 A 2011 Pew Research Center Survey found that Iraqi Muslims are 51% Shia, 42% Sunni, and 5% described themselves as "Just a Muslim".〔http://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-1-religious-affiliation/〕 Iraq is home to many religious sites important for both Shia and Sunni Muslims. Baghdad was a hub of Islamic learning and scholarship for centuries and served as the capital of the Abassids. The city of Karbala has substantial prominence in Shia Islam as a result of the Battle of Karbala, fought on the site of the modern city on October 10, 680. Similarly, Najaf is renowned as the site of the tomb of Alī ibn Abī Tālib (also known as "Imām Alī"), whom the Shia consider to be the righteous caliph and first imām. The city is now a great center of pilgrimage from throughout the Shi'a Islamic world and it is estimated that only Mecca and Medina receive more Muslim pilgrims. The city of Kufa was home to the famed scholar Abu Hanifah, whose school of thought is followed by a sizable number of Sunni Muslims across the globe. Likewise, Samarra is also home to the al-Askari Mosque, containing the mausoleums of the Ali al-Hadi and Hasan al-Askari, the tenth and eleventh Shia Imams, respectively, as well as the shrine of Muhammad al-Mahdi, known as the "Hidden Imam", who is the twelfth and final Imam of the Shia of the Ja'farī Madhhab. This has made it an important pilgrimage centre for Ja'farī Shia Muslims. In addition, some female relatives of the Prophet Mohammad are buried in Samarra, making the city one of the most significant sites of worship for Shia and a venerated location for Sunni Muslims.
Smaller sects of Islam exist in the country, such as the small Shia Shaykhist community concentrated in Basra and Karbala.
The Muslim population of Iraq is approximately 60-65 percent Shi'a, 15-20 percent Arab Sunni and 17 percent Kurdish.〔John Esposito, ''The Oxford Dictionary of Islam'', Oxford University Press 2003〕 Iraqi Kurds are mainly secular Sunnis, with a sizeable Shia Feyli population. Most Kurds are located in the northern areas of the country, with most following the Shafi school of Islamic law. With some being members of either the Qadiri or the Naqshbandi Sufi tariqah.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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